At the same time as reducing its fixed mortgage rates (which included a market leading low one year fixed home loan rate), ANZ has cut its term deposit rates extensively. In fact, with one 'special' exception, all its new rate offers are now below 3% for all terms to two years. And that means that the popular six month rate is now 2.90%, a cut of -15 bps, and their one year offer is now 2.85%. ANZ New Zealand Overview. ANZ Term Deposit RatesSince 1840, ANZ has been providing financial and banking services in New Zealand. It is one largest banks in New Zealand and provides financial services to individual and corporate clients through some of New Zealand best known brands, such as: The National Bank, Bonus Bonds an.

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How likely are interest rates to go up in the near future? Here’s why we predict a NZ interest rates forecast of continued low rates…

Page updated 5 March 2021

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Contents

1. NZ interest rates forecast: Executive Summary.

• Low interest rates are not a short-term aberration, but part of a long-term trend says Ben Bernanke, ex-Chair of the US Federal Reserve.
• The Reserve Bank of New Zealand influences interest rates within a small band, but has less control over interest rates than many imagine.
• If the Reserve Bank drove interest rates artificially high, the economy would slow, leading to recession. Not going to happen.
• If they drove interest rates artificially low, the economy would overheat, leading to an inflationary bubble. Not going to happen.
• Instead, they dance in the middle, tweaking rates up or down a little within a narrow band.
• Interest rates are primarily driven by inflation. Where inflation goes, interest rates follow.
• Today’s low bond yields simply reflect economists’ and investors’ expectations that inflation will remain low.
• Globalisation, offshore manufacturing and increased competition are keeping prices, and therefore inflation, down.
• With inflation lacking, markets are pricing out inflation and yields are falling as a result.
• Central bank interest rates in Switzerland are -0.75%, Japan is -0.1%, Sweden, Norway and the Eurozone (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain) are all at 0%, Denmark is near zero at 0.05%, Australia, England, Israel and Poland are at 0.1%, and the following countries are all at 0.25% – Canada, Czech Republic, New Zealand and the United States (Global-Rates).
• Our NZ interest rates forecast is for interest rates to remain at low levels for quite some time.
• Where interest rates go, mortgage rates follow. All major banks have fixed rates under 3% now, with special rates for low LVR loans (<80%) as low as 2.49%.
• With the primary driver of interest rates being inflation, which has remained stubbornly below target since the 2008-09 GFC and is predicted to remain low for quite some time…
• In our opinion, you’re more likely to see leprechauns dancing in your garden than a return to high mortgage rates in the foreseeable future.
• N.B. All predictions expire at midnight 😉

2. NZ interest rates forecast: Will mortgage interest rates go up in 2021 or 2022?

Some people worry about investing in property because they think mortgage interest rates could go up in 2021 or 2022. Some even catastrophise about them shooting up to high levels.

This is understandable given our memories of high mortgage interest rates in the 80s. In fact, the 10-year bond yield hit 19.2% in May 1985!

But that was 35 years ago and we’re unlikely to see mortgage interest rates doing anything like that any time soon. (Not that we’d be distraught if they did… mortgage interest rates would only be high if inflation was high, in which case capital gains would be going through the roof!)

Instead, we are in the middle of a long-term trend of low interest rates, and mortgage interest rates dropped even further throughout 2020.

Our best prediction is that we are at the bottom of the cycle and that short-term mortgage interest rates will remain low for several years, and medium- to long-term mortgage interest rates will start firming later in 2021.

The risk is to the upside, not the downside. In plain English, interest rates are not likely to fall any further. If they do, it will be a minuscule movement.

Mortgage rates will start moving up first; term-deposit rates much later.

It is obvious now that economists called it wrong. Massively wrong. They’re even making weather forecasters look good!

A slew of economic data released in February 2021 was far more positive than economists had predicted.

Unemployment dropped from 5.3% to 4.9% in the December 2020 quarter, shocking even the most optimistic economists who instead had predicted it would rise following the end of Covid-19 wage subsidies.

New dwelling consents also hit a record high in the December 2020 quarter. New home consents were up nearly 5% compared to 2019, which is impressive considering how affected 2020 was by Covid-19 lockdowns.

On the back of better than expected economic data, business confidence bounced back strongly too.

Economists have only now (4 February 2021) abandoned their predictions the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) would cut the OCR again this cycle – something that has been obvious to us for some time.

Bank economists are now predicting the first OCR rate hike in May 2022.

Once again, we think they’ve got it wrong. With the housing market running hot and inflation pressure to the upside, we predict the first OCR rate hike in February 2022.

Even now in early 2021 with property prices increasing at a crazy rate, NZ inflation for the December 2020 quarter was only 2% on an annualised basis. This is bang on the Reserve Bank’s target mid-point in its 1%-3% range. StatsNZ

That means there is no inflation pressure to either increase or decrease interest rates. Furthermore, the Reserve Bank is under political pressure to not further stimulate house prices, so we think further cuts are out of the question.

The Reserve Bank could surprise us and act as early as November 2021 if inflation threatens the upper limit of the 1%-3% band it is mandated to keep inflation within.

ANZ Bank’s business confidence survey released 4 February 2021 found that businesses are concerned about the rising cost of freight and staff, due to the skills shortage.

About half of the businesses surveyed are less confident they can maintain their current levels of profitability and plan to increase prices to cover their costs.

This feeds into heightened expectations of upwards pressure on inflation, despite the drag from the loss of tourism. This in turn will put upwards pressure on the Official Cash Rate (OCR).

Don’t expect anything dramatic though…

When the OCR does start moving, which we think is likely to be as early as February 2022 (and maybe even November 2021), expect a slow creep upwards rather than dramatic changes.

We see the OCR remaining below a 1% ceiling throughout 2022.

What about mortgage interest rates? We expect medium-term and long-term rates to start increasing in 2021 in advance of the OCR, and increases in short-term rates to lag OCR increases.

If you want to lock in a long rate, now’s the time. As ex-BNZ chief economist Tony Alexander says…

“Borrowers should seriously consider forsaking the candy of cheap short-term fixed rates to lock in long rates at levels they may never see again in their lives.”

What about term deposit interest rates? ASB Bank had this to say in their Term Deposit Report of 5 February 2021…

Another year of low interest rates expected

• Low interest rates have been helping borrowers and frustrating savers over recent years.
• Term deposit interest rates have been steadily trimmed over the past year and are significantly below the average levels of the past 10-15 years.
• Interest rates are expected to stay low for several years, and we could still see some declines from today’s levels.

Note that the third bullet point relates to term deposit interest rates, not mortgage interest rates or the OCR, both of which have seen the bottom this cycle. We agree with ASB’s view.

3. NZ interest rates forecast: The long-term trend of low interest rates.

The 10-year government bond yield was 7.6% on 19 January 2000, and has trended down ever since. Between 29 July 2019 and now, it’s never been over 1.5%*, mostly trading between 1% and 1.4%. (*With the exception of 2 days in late March 2020 leading up to the Covid-19 Level-4 lockdown, when it spiked to 1.63%.)

In fact…

The 10-year government bond yield sank as low as 0.98% on 16 August 2019, the lowest point in over 30 years, continuing a trend that has prevailed here and around the world as inflation pressures evaporate and evidence of a slowdown in the global economy starts to build.

On 13 May 2020, the day before we moved from Covid-19 Alert Level 3 to Level 2, the 10-year government bond yield fell even lower to 0.49% before recovering back to around the 1% mark in June 2020.

The 10-year government bond yield then began a steady 3-month decline, bottoming out at 0.44% on 28 September 2020. After treading water into November it then began a gradual recovery and now sits at around the 1% mark. You can check the latest data here.

In 2019 the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) was predicted to cut its rate up to 3 more times by the end of 2020. Economists at JP Morgan previously predicted the RBA would eventually take the cash rate to 0.5%. At the time of their prediction it was sitting on 1.5% and has been at 0.1% since 3 November 2020.

And where the Aussies go, we follow.

Yields in the United States and Europe have been falling too. Benchmark US 10-year bonds dipped below 2% in July 2019, and traded in a narrow band between 1.5% and 1.9% from August 2019 to February 2020, as you can see in the chart below. Since March 2020 it’s been lower still, with the benchmark US 10-year bonds trading below 1% ever since. As at 17 September 2020 the rate was 0.69%.

US 10-year Treasury Bond Yields

(Source: Financial Times)

Fed sees interest rates staying near zero through 2022

On 10 June 2020 the US Federal Reserve voted to keep benchmark short-term rates near zero and indicated that’s where they’ll stay as the economy recovers from the coronavirus pandemic.

“We’re not thinking about raising rates. We’re not even thinking about thinking about raising rates,”Fed Chairman Jerome Powell said. “What we’re thinking about is providing support for the economy. We think this is going to take some time.”

In addition to the rates move, the Fed said it would keep buying bonds, targeting $80 billion a month in Treasurys and $40 billion in mortgage-backed securities.

The Fed sees interest rates staying near zero through 2022. The “dot plot” of committee members’ rate expectations shows little dissent about keeping rates anchored through 2022. The committee’s 17 members unanimously saw the near-zero stance holding through 2021, and only two expected that to rise in 2022. No members indicated negative rates, a question that has come up repeatedly for Fed officials during public appearances.

Those of you relying on income from interest bearing deposits, best get used to virtually nil returns. It would not surprise me in the least if we enter a period of negative interest rates where you pay the bank to hold your money. Swiss banks charge 0.75% to those who deposit funds with them. Likewise Japan has adopted negative interest rates of around -0.1%.

The following chart vividly illustrates his comments…

Eurozone Bond Yields & Mortgage Interest Rates

Mark Brooks, head of income at NZ Funds, said “Globally, there is a trend where inflation is lacking so markets are pricing out inflation and yields are falling as a result.” On the outlook for interest rates, Brooks said investors would be bracing themselves for the likelihood of still lower term deposit rates.

In our opinion, you’re more likely to see leprechauns in your garden than a return to high interest rates in the foreseeable future.

Ex-BNZ chief economist Tony Alexander said more or less the same thing, albeit less vividly, in his newsletter of 8 October 2020…

Expectations have heightened that interest rates will remain at low levels for many years. Traditional fears of a bounce back in rates to previous cyclical highs have disappeared.

4. NZ interest rates forecast: Central bank interest rates around the world.

• Switzerland: -0.75%
• Japan: -0.1%
• Eurozone: 0%
• Sweden: 0%
• Norway: 0%
• Denmark: 0.05%
• Australia: 0.1%
• England: 0.1%
• Israel: 0.1%
• Poland: 0.1%
• Canada: 0.25%
• Czech Republic: 0.25%
• New Zealand: 0.25%
• United States: 0.25%

(Source: global-rates.com – List of current central bank interest rates)

5. NZ interest rates forecast: Why are interest rates so low?

Ben Bernanke, who served two terms as Chair of the Federal Reserve, wrote…

Low interest rates are not a short-term aberration, but part of a long-term trend. As the figure below shows, 10-year government bond yields in the United States were relatively low in the 1960s, rose to a peak above 15% in 1981, and have been declining ever since. That pattern is partly explained by the rise and fall of inflation, also shown in the figure. All else equal, investors demand higher yields when inflation is high to compensate them for the declining purchasing power of the dollars with which they expect to be repaid.

If inflation rises, interest rates will follow. But as we all know, we live in a low-inflation environment. Today’s low bond yields simply reflect economists’ and investors’ expectations that inflation will remain low.

6. NZ interest rates forecast: Can the Reserve Bank drive interests rates back up to high levels again?

In a word, No. Here’s Ben Bernanke again…

But what matters most for the economy is the real (inflation-adjusted) interest rate… The Fed’s ability to affect real rates of return, especially longer-term real rates, is transitory and limited. Except in the short run, real interest rates are determined by a wide range of economic factors, including prospects for economic growth – not by the Fed.

Anz Term Deposit

If the Fed can’t affect US rates, what chance is there that our Reserve Bank could drive NZ interest rates up?

If our Reserve Bank kept interests rates artificially high, the economy would slow and fall into recession. This is because businesses don’t make capital investments when the cost of borrowing set by the Reserve Bank is greater than the potential return on those investments.

Nobody likes a recession, least of all our politicians, so… this scenario will never happen.

Similarly, if the Reserve Bank pushed market rates artificially low, the economy would eventually overheat, leading to inflation – also an unsustainable and undesirable situation.

The bottom line is that the state of the economy, not the Reserve Bank, ultimately determines interest rates. The Reserve Bank influences market rates in the short term, but not in an unconstrained way.

In short, we believe interest rates will continue their march towards zero.

Anz Term Interest Rates

7. NZ interest rates forecast: Fixed-term mortgage interest rates today.

This table gives a snapshot of the current lowest advertised fixed-term mortgage interest rates on offer from New Zealand’s main retail banks today…

Current NZ Bank Fixed Mortgage Interest Rates Today
(For mortgages below 80% LVR. As at 5 March 2021.)

To underscore how much NZ bank mortgage interest rates have dropped, in May 2017 the average 2-year fixed mortgage interest rate was 4.8%. By May 2018 it had dropped to 4.5% and in May 2019 it had dropped even further to 3.95%. By May 2020 it was down to 3.0% and on 27 November 2020 it was sitting at 2.58%. It hasn’t changed much since then and currently sits at 2.53%. (Source)

8. NZ interest rates forecast: Term deposit interest rates today.

As if one needed any more proof, take a look at the following graph of 1-year NZ bank term deposit savings/investment rates in New Zealand from January 2008 to April 2020, a time span of 12 years.

You can see a huge drop of nearly 5% in NZ bank 1-year term deposit rates following the GFC, followed by a short-lived 1% bounce back, and then a continuation of the downward trend right through to today.

With the exception of a few small blips along the way, that’s 12 years of declining term deposit interest rates. The interest rate train has had no brakes and been running downhill for a very long time. It’s now running along the valley floor but has so much momentum we don’t expect it to stop any time soon.

1-year NZ Bank Term Deposit Interest Rates in NZ

Term deposit rates today

The following list details the best current term deposit rates for $10,000+ in New Zealand for the major NZ trading banks today…

Current NZ Bank Term Deposit Interest Rates Today
(Term deposits of $10,000+. As at 5 March 2021.)

Note: Many of these rates are unchanged from our 17 December 2020 update. Notable exceptions are Kiwibank’s current 1-year special rate of 1.0% and ASB’s surprise increases this week from not much to not much more. ASB’s rate changes took effect on Tuesday 2 March 2021.

The average 12-month term deposit rate at the beginning of 2019 was 3.36%(source). Current rates are therefore down to one-quarter of 2019’s rate.

We are in a global COVID-19 recession (not so much in New Zealand). People are currently being driven by fear and money is flowing into bank accounts. This is not the GFC and banks do not have a funding problem, so the need for banks to aggressively compete for deposits is not strong.

With uncertainty continuing to reign, expect term deposit rates to stay low for a long time.

On 30 July 2020 ex-BNZ chief economist Tony Alexander said, “Every week brings some new, small, declines in term deposit rates as banks seek to build their interest rate margins to try and offset the losses they know they will eventually book from business failure and debt restructuring associated with this crisis.”

And then on 31 August 2020 ASB Bank said this in their Economic Weekly update…

Our forecasts for term deposit rates and mortgage rates have been slashed.
We think that an RBNZ scheme to lower the OCR below zero and lend directly to banks, if introduced, would heap downward pressure onto term deposit rates.
They’re already at rock-bottom levels, but we see further downside.
In short, we think term deposit rates could fall below 1% with mortgage rates for some terms below 2%.

How prescient he was. Term deposit interest rates have since fallen to well below 1%. Mortgage interest rates, however, are still in the mid 2% range and at this stage are unlikely to fall below 2%.

BTW, the chances of the OCR falling to zero, let alone below zero, have all but evaporated. We calculate that we are currently at the bottom of the interest rate cycle and therefore don’t see the OCR being lowered any further this cycle.

9. NZ interest rates forecast: After-tax retirement income today.

Anz Nz Interest Rates

Let’s assume you are a retiree and your only source of income is the pension and interest on a $1 million term deposit at 0.8% p.a. That puts you on a 17.5% income tax rate.

Your after-tax income from that whopping $1 million term deposit is a pitiful $6,600 p.a. That’s only $126.92 per week. Who can live on that?

In the current low-interest rate environment, is it any wonder people are chasing higher-yield investments?